A Short History of Genome Research - Part 2 -
1982
In the US the first genetically engineered medicine comes on the market: insulin for diabetics.
1983
Revolution in molecular biology, Kary Mullins develops a process to amplify DNA in the laboratory: the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
1986
The first gene responsible for a hereditary disease (amyotrophia) is discovered.
1988
In the US and in Japan the decision is made to sequence the human genome.
1990
Start of the public international Human Genome Project (HUGO).
1995
The genome of a bacterium (Haemophilus influenza) is completely sequenced.
1995
With the German Human Genome Project (DHGP), Germany joins the International Human Genome Project (HUGO).
1996
The first genome of a complex organism, bakers' yeast, is sequenced.
1998
The genome of the first multiple-cell organism, the nematode (threadworm) Caenorhabditis elegans, is sequenced.
2000
Craig Venter and Francis Collins announce the complete sequence of the human genome.
2001
It is now estimated that humans have approximately 30,000 genes. Scientists had expected considerably more genes in human DNA.
2001
HUGO and Craig Venter finish mapping the human genome sequence.
2001
Founding of the National Genome Research Network (NGFN) in Germany.
